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LOCAL GOVERNMENT

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LOCAL GOVERNMENT

WHAT IS GOVERNMENT?

  • Government is the system that governs the community.
  • E.g.-
  1. Decision on where to build roads and other infrastructure
  2. The decision on various social welfare programs.

 

WHAT IS LOCAL GOVERNMENT?

  • It is government by people for themselves in their area of locality.
  • In India, Local Governments are of two types
  1. Panchayati Raj
  2. Municipality

 

WHAT IS PANCHAYATI RAJ?

  • It is rural local self-government.
  • It operates in three stages-
  1. Gram Panchayat (Village level)
  2. Panchayat Samiti (Block level)
  3. Zila Parishad (District Level)

 

WHAT IS THE ROLE OF LOCAL GOVERNMENT?

  • Responsible to perform local level planning and development activities.

 

 

HOW ARE MEMBERS AND CHAIRPERSONS SELECTED?

  • Gram Panchayat –
  • Elected directly by the people
  • Panchayat Samiti and Zila Parishad
  • Elected indirectly by and from amongst the elected members of Gram Panchayat.

 

WHAT ARE THE FEATURES OF THE PANCHAYATI RAJ SYSTEM?

  • Reservation of seats for minorities
  • Reservation of seats for Women
  • Members have five-year term of office
  • Members can be declared as disqualified as per certain laws
  • Have all powers and functions to act as self-governing body
  • Can manage all their own financial affairs
  • Get financial grants and aids from government
  • Audit of their accounts happen periodically
  • Court can not interfere in their election matters

 

 

 

 

WHAT ARE MUNICIPALITIES?

  • It is urban local self-government.
  • This local government is limited to urban area only
  • Urban people manage their own urban local government through Municipalities.

 

WHAT ARE DIFFERENT TYPES OF URBAN LOCAL GOVERNMENTS?

  • There are 8 types of Urban Local Governments
  1. Municipal corporation
  2. Municipality
  3. Notified area committee
  4. Town area committee
  5. Cantonment board
  6. Township
  7. Port trust
  8. Special purpose agency

 

WHAT ARE THE TYPES OF MUNICIPALITIES?

  • Three types
  1. Nagar Panchayat
  2. Municipal Council
  3. Municipal Corporation
  • One exception to municipality is Industrial Township.

 

WHAT ARE THE FEATURES OF MUNICIPALITIES?

  • Divided into small parts called ward Committees
  • Reservation of seats for minority
  • Reservation of seats for women
  • Can manage own financial affairs
  • Also finances Rural local governing bodies
  • Powers and function
  • Act as self-governing institution
  • Prepare plans for economic development
  • Implement policies