Chahal's Gyan Ki Baat
PETROLEUM AND NATURAL GAS
WHAT ARE PETROLEUM AND NATURAL GAS?
- Petra means rock; Oleum means oil.
- These are non-renewable energy sources.
- Petroleum can be used to make gasoline, diesel fuel, and of other products.
- Petroleum is also referred to as crude oil.
- Natural gas is a mixture of gases, the majority of which is methane.
- Both are discovered underground.
- Natural gas burns with a flame.
- These are obtained from sedimentary rocks.
HOW DO PETROLEUM AND NATURAL GAS FORM?
WHERE IS OF PETROLEUM AND NATURAL GAS LOCATED IN INDIA?
- The majority of oil reserves are linked to anticlines and fault traps.
- India's sedimentary rocks cover vast sections of the country.
- Total reserves of 468 million tonnes was estimated in India,
- 328 million tonnes are available in Mumbai.
- Few other Refinary are in Guwahati, Haldia, Mathura, Digboi, Panipat, Chennai, Mumbai, Visakhapatnam, Mumbai, Kochi etc.
- Gulf of Kutch, Gulf of Khambhat, Bombay High, Rajasthan's Barmer, Tamil Nadu's Cuddalore district, Odisha, Assam, Tripura etc. has Natural Gas Reserves.
WHAT ARE THEIR USES?
- In the production of fertilizers.
- In power generation, and production of LPG.
- In electricity generation by gas-fired power plants.
- Petroleum is used in the production of ammonia.
- Oil is also used to make pesticides.
- Used to make raw materials such as synthetic detergents, dyes, and fabrics.
- Majority of plastics and Oil-based paints.
- To make synthetic rubber.