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POLITICAL PARTIES

Chahal's Gyan Ki Baat

                                                         political parties

WHAT IS POLITICAL PARTY?

  • It is the group of people who come together to contest elections and hold Power in the government.

 

WHAT IS ROLE OF POLITICAL PARTIES IN DEMOCRACY?

  • Contest Elections.
  • Parties form and run the governments.
  • Parties which lose the election plays the role of opposition to the parties in power.
  • Play decisive role in making the laws of the country.
  • The educate people and help in formulating and shaping public opinion.
  • They articulate public demand and convey them to the government.
  • Keep the public in touch with those who represent them in government and opposition.

 

HOW MANY PARTIES WE SHOULD HAVE?

  • Three types of party system a country can have-

      1.  One party system (Only one party is allowed control and run the

             government).

      2.  Two party system (Power changes two parties).

  1. Multi-party system (Several parties compete for power and more than two parties can run the government).

 

WHAT IS THE ROLE OF ELECTION COMMISSION REGARDING THE POLITICAL PARTIES?

  • Every political party in India must register with Election Commission.
  • Granting political parties, the status of National or State parties (depending on their poll performance).
  • Treats each party equally but offers special facilities to large and established parties.
  • Gives unique symbol to every party (such parties called as ‘Recognised Political Parties’).
  • Act as a court to settle disputes concerning the granting of recognition and allocating election symbols to the parties to political parties.

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WHAT IS THE STATE PARTY?

  • If it secures 6% of the valid votes polled in the state at a general election to the legislative assembly of the state concerned; and, in addition, it wins 2 seats in the assembly of the state concerned.
  • Or If it secures 6% of the valid votes polled in the state at a general election to the Lok Sabha from the state concerned; and, in addition, it wins 1 seat in the Lok Sabha from the state concerned.
  • Or If it wins 3% of seats in the legislative assembly at a general election to the legislative assembly of the state concerned or 3 seats in the assembly, whichever is more; or
  • Or If it wins 1 seat in the Lok Sabha for every 25 seats or any fraction thereof allotted to the state at a general election to the Lok Sabha from the state concerned.
  • Or If it secures 8% of the total valid votes polled in the state at a General Election to the Lok Sabha from the state or to the legislative assembly of the state.

Eg.

  1. Samajwadi Party
  2. Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam

 

WHAT IS THE NATIONAL PARTY?

  • If it secures 6% of valid votes polled in any four or more states at a general election to the Lok Sabha or to the legislative assembly; and, in addition, it wins four seats in the Lok Sabha from any state or states.
  • Or if it wins 2% of seats in the Lok Sabha at a general election and these candidates are elected from three states.
  • Or if it is recognized as a state party in four states.  

E.g.-

      1.  Indian National Congress

      2.  Bhartiya Janata party

WHAT ARE CHALLENGES BEFORE POLITICAL PARTIES?

  • Dynastic succession
  • Growing role of money and muscle power
  • Lack of internal democracy
  • Growing concentration of power in the hands of few people.