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STATE GOVERNMENT

Chahal's Gyan Ki Baat

                                                           STATE GOVERNMENT

WHAT IS THE SYSTEM OF GOVERNMENT IN STATES?

  • The Constitution of India envisages the same pattern of government in the States as that for the Centre, that is, a Parliamentary System

 

STATE EXECUTIVE

  • State Executive comprises the Governor and the Chief Minister with his Council of Ministers
  • The Governor of each state is appointed by the President for a period of five years.
    • But Governor at the state level has more discretionary powers than President
  • Executive power of the State is vested in the Governor
  • But the actual powers for proper functioning of the State are vested in the CM and his Council of Ministers
  • There is no office of vice-governor (in the state) like that of Vice-President at the Centre

 

STATE LEGISLATURE

  • Unlike Centre, many of the States are unicameral – have only one House known as Legislative Assembly
  • In six states, the State Government’s legislature is bicameral - These states have two Houses known as
    • Legislative Council (aka Vidhan Parishad) and Legislative Assembly (aka Vidhan Sabha)
    • These states are Andhra Pradesh, Telangana, Karnataka, Maharashtra, UP and Bihar 
  • State Legislature or State Assemblies are headed by the Chief Minister
  • The State Governor similar to President gives assent to the bills passed by State Legislatures.

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STATE JUDICIARY

  • State High Courts have jurisdiction over the whole State.
  • In the States, the judicial setup is headed by the Chief Justice who manages the entire judicial system of the State
  • State High Courts have to, however, report to the Supreme Court of India, which may override the High Court’s findings and judgements

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ROLES AND RESPONSIBILITIES OF STATE GOVERNMENT

  1. Internal security:
    • The State Governments have to maintain the internal security, law and order in the state.
    • Internal security is managed through State police
  2. Education:
    • Providing a public education system, maintaining school buildings and colleges, employment of teachers come under the education department of the State.
  3. Agriculture:

The State Governments have to provide support for farmers, funds for best farming practices and aid during disasters

  1. Budget: State Governments make their own budget for State